Inclusion Criteria:

• * ages 7-21
• * family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Exclusion Criteria:

• * Children will be excluded if they have previously been treated for another endocrinopathy or are on any chronic medications that are known to alter glucose or insulin metabolism, such as oral steroids, or certain psychiatric medications, such as Xeleca, Lithium and Paxil.
• * Lean (not overweight or obese) will be defined as a body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) less than the 85th percentile specific for age and gender, overweight will be defined as a BMI between the 85th and 95th percentiles, and obesity will be defined as a BMI greater than the 95th percentile.
• * Children will be excluded from participating in the genetic analysis if they are treated oral glucocorticoids or antirejection or chemotherapy (e.g. tacrolimus, Lasparaginase.