Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. Adult subjects aged 18 to 90
• 2. Able to provide informed consent
• 3. Willing to accept autologous or allogenic blood transfusion
• 4. Scheduled for elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1. Pre-operative administration of allogenic blood bank products in the previous 3 months
• 2. Hemodynamically unstable defined as a systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg with a heart rate greater 100 or requiring intravenous vasopressor medications
• 3. Significant active infection or sepsis defined by positive blood culture or positive wound culture
• 4. Hemoglobin less than 7 g/dl